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Could
You Pass the 1885 Admission Test for High School?
Answers
EXAMINATION FOR ADMISSION.
Jersey City High School,
JUNE, 1885
Algebra
I. Define Algebra, an algebraic
expression, a polynomial. Make a literal trinomial.
Algebra: A
method of computation in which letters represent numbers and
quantities in order to uncover an unknown quantity.
Algebraic
expression: An equation consisting of a collection of variables
and numbers involving addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division, or other kind of calculation.
Polynomial:
A sum of two or more algebraic equations.
Literal trinomial:
x + y + z
II. Write a homogeneous quadrinomial
of the third degree. Express the cube root of 10ax in two ways.
2x3
- 2x2 + 3x + 5
cube root of 10ax
ax to the 1/3 power
III. Find the sum and difference
of 3x - 4ay + 7cd - 4xy + 16, and 10ay - 3x - 8xy + 7cd - 13.
Sum: 6ay +
14cd - 12xy + 3
Difference: 6x - 14ay + 4xy + 29
IV. Express the following in
its simplest form by removing the parentheses and combining:
1 - (1 - a) + (1 - a + a2) - (1 - a +
a2 -
a3).
a3
+ a
V. Find the product of 3 + 4x + 5x2 - 6x3, and 4 -
5x - 6x2.
36x5-
73x3 - 18x2 + x + 12
VI. Expand each of the following
expressions and give the theorem for each: {a+4}2,
{a2-10}2, {a+4} {a-4}.
a2
+ 8a + 16
a4 - 20a2 + 100
a2 - 16
Theorems:
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
(a - b)2 = a2 - 2ab + b2
(a + b)(a - b) = a2 - b2
VII. Divide 6a4 + 4a3x
- 9a2 x2 - 3ax3
+ 2x4
by 2a2 + 2ax - x2.
3a2
- ax - 2x2
VIII. Find the prime factors
of x4 - b4 and x3 - 1.
(x2
+ b2)(x + b)(x - b); (x - 1)(x2
+ x + 1)
IX. Find the G.C.D. of 6a2 + 11ax + 3x2, and 6a2 + 7ax - 3x2.
(2a + 3x)
X. Divide (x2 - 2xy + y2)/ab by (x - y)/bc
and give the answer in its lowest terms.
c(x
- y)/a
ARITHMETIC
I. If a 60 days note of $840
is discounted at a bank at 4 1/2% what are the proceeds?
365-day year,
$833.79
II. Find the sum of {square
root of} 16.7281 and {square root of} .72 1/4.
4.94
III. The interest of $50 from
March 1st to July 1st is $2.50. What is the rate?
15 percent
IV. What is the cost of 19 cwt.
83 lb. of sugar at $98.50 a ton? What is discount? A number?
Using U.S.
hundred weight of 100 pounds, $97.66.
What is a discount?
Percentage
rate deducted from certain quantity.
A number?
Concept of
how many.
V. Divide the difference between
37 hundreths and 95 thousandths by 25 hundred thousands and
express the result in words.
One thousand
One hundred
VI. The mason work on a building
can be finished by 16 men in 24 days, working 10 hours a day.
How long will it take 22 men working 8 hours a day?
21 9/11
VII. A merchant sold a quantity
of goods for $18,775. He deducts 5% for cash and then finds
that he has made 10%. What did he pay for the goods?
$16,214.77
VIII. A requires 10 days and
B 15 days to do a certain piece of work. How long will it
take A and B working together to do the work?
Six
days
IX. By selling goods at 12 1/2%
profit a man clears $800. What was the cost of the goods, and
for what were they sold?
If profit
is based on cost, cost is $8,400 and selling price is $7,200.
If based on selling price, cost is $5,600 and selling price
is $6,400.
X. A merchant offered some goods
for $1170.90 cash, or $1206 payable in 30 days. Which was the
better offer for the customer, money being worth 10%?
$1,170.90
GEOGRAPHY
I. What is the axis of the earth?
What is the equator?
The real or
imaginary line on which the earth rotates or is supposed to
rotate.
What is the equator?
Imaginary
circle around the earth that is everywhere equally distant
from the two poles and divides the earth's surface into the
northern and southern hemispheres;
What is the distance from the
equator to either pole in degrees, in miles?
90 degrees,
and 6,250 miles
Why is it warmer at the equator
than near the poles?
Solar radiation
is most concentrated at the equator for the entire year.
II. Name four principal ranges
of mountains in Asia, three in Europe, and three in Africa.
Asia: Himalayas,
Urals, Hindu Kush and Khangal;
Europe: Alps, Carpathians and Pyrenees;
Africa: Atlas, Drakensberg and Ethiopian Highlands.
III. Name the capitals of the
following countries: Portugal, Greece, Egypt, Persia, Japan,
China, Canada, Hindostan, Thibet, Cuba.
Portugal:
Lisbon
Greece: Athens
Egypt: Cairo
Persia: Tehran
Japan: Tokyo
China: Peking (Beijing)
Canada: Ottawa
Hindostan: Calcutta
Thibet: Lhasa
Cuba: Havana.
IV. Name the states on the west
bank of the Mississippi, and the capital of each.
Louisiana
(Baton Rouge), Arkansas (Little Rock), Missouri (Jefferson
City), Iowa (Des Moines) and Minnesota (St. Paul).
V. Bound New Jersey, and name
six important cities in the state.
Newark, Jersey
City, Paterson, Elizabeth, Trenton, and Camden
VI. Tell the situation of the
following: Detroit, Chicago, Portland, Rio Janeiro, Callao,
Venice, Bombay, St. Louis, Halifax, Vera Cruz.
Michigan,
Illinois, Oregon or Maine, Brazil, Peru, Italy, India, Missouri,
Nova Scotia, Mexico.
VII. Name 10 countries of South
America, and the capital of each.
Argentina
(Buenos Aires), Bolivia (La Paz), Brazil (Brasilia), Chile
(Santiago), Colombia (Bogota), Ecuador (Quito), Paraguay (Asuncion),
Peru (Lima), Uruguay (Montevideo), Venezuela (Caracas).
VIII. Bound Russia and name
its capital and largest river.
Moscow, Volga
IX. In what countries is coffee
raised?
Tropical countries
such as Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela and Nigeria.
What are the principal exports
of France?
Machinery,
agricultural products, and transportation equipment.
Of the West Indies?
Sugar, petroleum,
chemicals, bananas, and alumina.
X. New York is nearly 75 {degrees}
west of London. When it is noon at the former, what time is
it at the latter?
5 p.m.
GRAMMAR
I. Analyse the following: Perseus
ground his teeth with rage, for he saw that he had fallen into
a trap.
II. Make a list of all the verbs
in the sentence above, and give the principal parts of each
of them.
Ground: grind,
ground, ground; saw: see, saw, seen; had fallen: fall, fell,
fallen.
III. Parse for, had fallen,
that, saw
For: preposition
introducing the prepositional clause "for he saw,"
which is used to explain Perseus' rage.
Had fallen:
past perfect tense of the verb fall; this tense is used to
indicate that the action of falling took place at a time before
the action of seeing.
Saw: simple
past tense of the verb "to see," used here to indicate
a) what caused Perseus' rage, and b) the sequence of events
in the sentence.
IV. Give two uses of the hyphen.
To join two
words used as a compound noun; to indicate division at the
end of a line of type.
Copy the sentence below, and
punctuate it properly. "Will you please to tell me boys,
for what the reindeer is useful"?
Will you please
to tell me, boys, for what the reindeer is useful?
V. Write a sentence containing
a noun used as an attribute, a verb in the perfect tense potential
mood, and a proper adjective.
VI. Correct
{a} It is only me.
It is only
I. Predicate nominative.
{b} Who did she invite?
Whom did she
invite? Object of verb invite.
{c} Whenever my husband or son
take an umbrella down town, they always leave it.
Whenever my
husband or son takes an umbrella downtown, he always leaves
it. The "or" makes the subject grammatically singular;
the rest of the sentence applies to either one or the other,
but not both at once (as would be the case if the word were
"and").
VII. Write the declension of
{a} bird,
bird, birds
{b} man,
man, men
{c} fly,
fly, flies
{d} fox,
fox, foxe
{e} it
it, its
VIII. Write four lines of poetry,
giving particular attention to the use of capitals, and to punctuation.
Had we but
world enough and time,
This coyness, lady, were no crime;
We would sit down and think which way
To walk and spend our long love's day.
IX. Make three sentences, using
the plural of sheep
{1} in the nominative case,
The sheep
are in the meadow.
{2} in the possessive,
The sheep's
wool was carded.
{3} in the objective.
We sheared
all the sheep.
X. Write a declarative sentence;
change to an imperative, to an interrogative, to an exclamatory,
and punctuate.
John went
to the store.
John, go to the store.
John, will you go to the store?
John finally went to the store!
U.S. HISTORY
I. What people settled Massachusetts?
The English
Puritans
Where did they land, and what
was their character?
They landed
at Plymouth Rock, Boston, Mass.; and Providence, R.I.
They were
strongly religious and believed in predestination, divine
omnipotence, and the need to create a holy community that
could serve as a model for other people.
II. Name four Spanish explorers
and state what induced them to come to America.
Ponce De Leon,
Balboa, Coronado, Cortez;
To conquer and Christianize the inhabitants.
III. What event do you connect
with 1565, 1607, 1620, 1664, 1775?
1565 -- Pedro
Menendez founded St. Augustine, Fla.
1607 -- Jamestown settled.
1620 -- 103 Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock.
1664 -- British seized New Netherland from Dutch.
1775 -- Battles of Lexington and Concord.
IV. Name the thirteen colonies
that declared their independence in 1776.
Connecticut,
Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode
Island, South Carolina, and Virginia.
V. Name three events of 1777.
Which was the most important and why?
Battle of
Saratoga, Battle of Germantown, Battle of Brandywine; Saratoga
was the most important, since British Gen. Burgoyne was stopped
in his push southward.
VI. What caused the war of 1812?
Disputes over
British interference with American shipping and impressments
of American sailors; concern that the British were instigating
Indian uprisings; and American land hunger.
Who was president during that
war?
James Madison
What was the result of it?
The United
States acquired Indian lands in the Southeast and Old Northwest;
Spain subsequently agreed to recognize a U.S. boundary extending
to the Pacific Ocean; the Federalists were stigmatized as
traitors.
VII. What form of government
was established in 1789?
A federal
system of government
Into what three branches was
the government divided?
Executive,
legislative, and judicial branches
What do the Senate and House
of Representatives constitute?
The legislative
branch
VIII. What caused the Mexican
war?
Disputes between
Mexico and the United States over the Texas border and Mexico's
refusal to sell California and New Mexico to the United States.
What was the result?
The United
States acquired California, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and
parts of Arizona, Colorado, Kansas, and Wyoming, and established
the Texas-Mexico boundary at the Rio Grande River.
What American general commanded
at the capture of the City of Mexico?
Zachary Taylor
IX. What was the remote and
the immediate cause of the great Civil war.
Remote: Northern
fears of a Slave Power conspiracy; Confederate fears of a
strong central government that would threaten slavery.
Immediate:
The attack on Fort Sumter
Who captured Fort Donelson?
Ulysses S.
Grant
X. Name three commanders of
the Army of the Potomac.
George Meade,
Ulysses S. Grant and George McClellan
In what battle was "Stonewall"
Jackson killed?
Battle of
Chancellorville
How?
He was shot
by one of his own men
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