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Decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott Case |
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3/6/1857 |
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The Supreme Court decided in its Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court held that Scott, a slave, could not sue for his freedom in a federal court. |
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THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION |
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11/6/1860 |
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Former Illinois congressman Abraham Lincoln defeated three other candidates for the United States presidency. |
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The Inauguration of the President of the Southern Confederacy |
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2/18/1861 |
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Jefferson Davis was sworn in as president of the Confederate States of America in Montgomery, Ala. |
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HIGHLY IMPORTANT NEWS; Desperate Naval Engagements in Hampton Roads |
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3/9/1862 |
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The dullness of Old Point was startled today by the announcement that a suspicious looking vessel, supposed to be the Merrimac, looking like a submerged house, with the roof only above water, was mowing down from Norfolk by the channel in front of the Sowel's Point batteries. Signal guns were also fired by the Cumberland and Congress, to notify the Minnesota, St. Lawrence and Roanoke of the approaching danger, and all was excitement in and about Fortress Monroe. |
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The Battle of Pittsburgh |
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4/7/1862 |
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Union forces led by Gen. Ulysses S. Grant defeated the Confederates at the battle of Shiloh in Tennessee. |
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A Proclamation by the President of the United States |
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9/22/1862 |
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President Lincoln issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, declaring all slaves in rebel states should be free as of Jan. 1, 1863. |
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Battle of Antietam Creek |
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9/17/1862 |
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Union forces hurled back a Confederate invasion of Maryland in the Civil War Battle of Antietam. During the battle, 23,100 were killed, wounded or captured, making it the bloodiest day in United States military history. |
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The Heroes of July |
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11/19/1863 |
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President Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address as he dedicated a national cemetery at the site of the Civil War battlefield in Pennsylvania. |
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The Great Battles |
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7/3/1863 |
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Civil War's Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania ended after three days in a major victory for the North as Confederate troops retreated. |
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SAVANNAH OURS |
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12/22/1864 |
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During the Civil War, Union Gen. William T. Sherman sent a message to President Lincoln from Georgia, saying, "I beg to present you as a Christmas gift the city of Savannah." |
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From Washington Abolition of Slavery |
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1/31/1865 |
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House of Representatives passed a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery. |
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Awful Event |
| Date:
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4/14/1865 |
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President Lincoln was shot and mortally wounded by John Wilkes Booth while attending the comedy "Our American Cousin" at Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C. He died the next day |
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Hang Out Your Banners; Union Victory! Peace! |
| Date:
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4/9/1865 |
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Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Union Gen. Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House in Virginia. |
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Washington |
| Date:
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2/24/1868 |
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The United States House of Representatives impeached President Johnson following his attempted dismissal of Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton; Johnson was later acquitted by the Senate. |
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Impeachment |
| Date:
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3/13/1868 |
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The impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson began in the United States Senate. |
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IMPEACHMENT |
| Date:
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5/16/1868 |
| Description:
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he United States Senate failed by one vote to convict President Andrew Johnson as it took its first ballot on one of 11 articles of impeachment against him. (Johnson was acquitted of all charges.) |
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Impeachment |
| Date:
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5/26/1868 |
| Description:
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The Senate impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson ended with his acquittal as the Senate fell one vote short of the two-thirds majority required for conviction. |
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East and West: Completion of the Great Line Spanning the Continent |
| Date:
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5/10/1869 |
| Description:
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A golden spike was driven at Promontory, Utah, marking the completion of the first transcontinental railroad in the United States. |
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The Colored Member Admitted to His Seat in the Senate |
| Date:
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2/25/1870 |
| Description:
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Hiram R. Revels, R-Miss., became the first black member of the United States Senate as he was sworn in to serve out the unexpired term of Jefferson Davis. |
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The Little Horn Massacre |
| Date:
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6/25/1876 |
| Description:
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Lt. Col. George A. Custer and his 7th Cavalry were wiped out by Sioux and Cheyenne Indians in the Battle of Little Big Horn in Montana. |
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President-Elect Hayes |
| Date:
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3/2/1877 |
| Description:
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Republican Rutherford B. Hayes was declared the winner of the 1876 presidential election over Democrat Samuel J. Tilden, even though Tilden had won the popular vote. |
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Edison's Electric Light |
| Date:
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10/21/1879 |
| Description:
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Thomas Edison invented a workable electric light at his laboratory in Menlo Park, N.J. |
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The President Dead |
| Date:
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9/19/1881 |
| Description:
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The 20th president of the United States, James A. Garfield, died of wounds inflicted by an assassin. |
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Two Great Cities United |
| Date:
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5/24/1883 |
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The Brooklyn Bridge, linking Brooklyn and Manhattan, was opened to traffic. |
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Hundreds of Lives Lost |
| Date:
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5/31/1885 |
| Description:
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More than 2,000 people perished when a dam break sent water rushing through Johnstown, Pa. |
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Into Oklahoma at Last |
| Date:
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4/22/1889 |
| Description:
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Oklahoma Land Rush began at noon as thousands of homesteaders staked claims. |
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A Revolution in Hawaii |
| Date:
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1/17/1893 |
| Description:
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Hawaii's monarchy was overthrown as a group of businessmen and sugar planters forced Queen Liliuokalani to abdicate. |
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Repudiation Has Won |
| Date:
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7/9/1896 |
| Description:
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William Jennings Bryan caused a sensation at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago with his "cross of gold" speech denouncing supporters of the gold standard. Bryan went on to win the party's nomination. |
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The Maine Blown Up |
| Date:
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2/15/1898 |
| Description:
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The U.S. battleship Maine blew up in Havana Harbor, killing 260 crew members and escalating tensions with Spain. |
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Spain to Use Privateers |
| Date:
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4/24/1898 |
| Description:
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Spain declared war on the United States after rejecting America's ultimatum to withdraw from Cuba. |
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War Suspended, Peace Assured |
| Date:
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8/12/1898 |
| Description:
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The peace protocol ending the Spanish-American War was signed. |
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Gold Now the Standard |
| Date:
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3/14/1900 |
| Description:
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Congress ratified the Gold Standard Act. |
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President Shot at Buffalo Fair |
| Date:
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9/6/1901 |
| Description:
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President McKinley was shot and mortally wounded by anarchist Leon Czolgosz at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, N.Y. |
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New England Welcomes President Roosevelt |
| Date:
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8/22/1902 |
| Description:
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President Theodore Roosevelt became the first United States chief executive to ride in an automobile. |
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AIRSHIP AFTER BUYER |
| Date:
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12/17/1903 |
| Description:
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Orville and Wilbur Wright took the first successful man-powered airplane flights, near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. |
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OUR SUBWAY OPEN, 150,000 TRY IT |
| Date:
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10/27/1904 |
| Description:
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The first rapid transit subway, the IRT, opened in New York City. |
| Full Story
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1,000 Lives May Be Lost in Burning of the Excursion Boat Gen. Slocum |
| Date:
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6/15/1904 |
| Description:
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More than 1,000 people died when fire erupted aboard the steamboat General Slocum in New York City's East River. |
| Full Story
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Over 500 Dead, $200,000,000 Lost in San Francisco Earthquake |
| Date:
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4/18/1906 |
| Description:
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A devastating earthquake struck San Francisco, followed by raging fires. About 700 people died. |
| Full Story
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Peary Discovers the North Pole After Eight Trials in 23 Years |
| Date:
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4/6/1909 |
| Description:
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Explorers Robert E. Peary and Matthew A. Henson became the first men to reach the North Pole. The claim, disputed by skeptics, was upheld in 1989 by the Navigation Foundation. |
| Full Story
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Mark Twain is Dead at 74 |
| Date:
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4/21/1910 |
| Description:
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Author Samuel Langhorne Clemens, better known as Mark Twain, died in Redding, Conn. |
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Standard Oil Company Must Dissolve in 6 Months; Only Unreasonable Restraint of Trade Forbidden |
| Date:
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5/15/1911 |
| Description:
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The Supreme Court ordered the dissolution of Standard Oil Company, ruling it was in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. |
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Scott 150 Miles From South Pole Jan. 3; Will Stay In Antarctic Another Year |
| Date:
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1/18/1912 |
| Description:
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English explorer Robert F. Scott and his expedition reached the South Pole, only to discover that Roald Amundsen had gotten there first. |
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Titanic Sinks Four Hours After Hitting Iceberg; 866 Rescued By Carpathia, Probably 1,250 Perish; Ismay Safe, Mrs. Astor Maybe, Noted Names Missing |
| Date:
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4/15/1912 |
| Description:
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British luxury liner Titanic sank in the North Atlantic off Newfoundland, less than three hours after striking an iceberg. About 1,500 people died |
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Austria Ready to Invade Servia, Sends Ultimatum |
| Date:
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7/23/1914 |
| Description:
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Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia following the killing of Archduke Francis Ferdinand by a Serb assassin; the dispute led to World War I. |
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Austria Formally Declares War on Servia; Russia Threatens, Already Moving Troops; Peace of Europe Now In Kaiser's Hands |
| Date:
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7/28/1914 |
| Description:
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Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. World War I began as declarations of war by other European nations quickly followed. |
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England Declares War on Germany |
| Date:
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8/4/1914 |
| Description:
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Britain declared war on Germany while the United States proclaimed its neutrality |
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French Capture 7,500 in Big Verdun Drive; Smash Six-Mile Front |
| Date:
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12/15/1916 |
| Description:
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The French defeated the Germans in the World War I Battle of Verdun. |
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Bolsheviki Seize State Buildings, Defying Kerensky |
| Date:
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11/7/1917 |
| Description:
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Russia's Bolshevik Revolution took place as forces led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin overthrew the provisional government of Alexander Kerensky. |
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Relations With Germany Are Broken Off |
| Date:
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2/3/1917 |
| Description:
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The United States broke off diplomatic relations with Germany, which had announced a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare |
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Hunger Causes Petrograd Riots |
| Date:
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3/8/1917 |
| Description:
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Russia's February Revolution began with rioting and strikes in St. Petersburg. |
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President Calls for War Declaration, Stronger Navy, New Army of 500,000 Men, Full Co-operation With Germany's Foes |
| Date:
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4/2/1917 |
| Description:
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President Woodrow Wilson asked Congress to declare war against Germany, saying, "The world must be made safe for democracy." |
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Armistice Signed, End Of The War! Berlin Seized By Revolutionists; New Chancellor Begs For Order |
| Date:
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11/11/1918 |
| Description:
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Fighting in World War I came to an end with the signing of an armistice between the Allies and Germany. |
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Americans Drive Germans Back Over Marne: Take 1,000 Prisoners and Check Big Drive: German Attack on a 60-Mile Front Fails |
| Date:
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7/15/1918 |
| Description:
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Second Battle of the Marne began during World War I. |
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Ex-Czar of Russia Killed by Order of Ural Soviet |
| Date:
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7/16/1918 |
| Description:
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Russia's Czar Nicholas II, his empress and their five children were executed by the Bolsheviks |
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Peace Signed, Ends the Great War; Germans Depart Still Protesting; Prohibition Till Troops Disband |
| Date:
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6/28/1919 |
| Description:
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Treaty of Versailles was signed in France, ending World War I. |
| Full Story
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Troops Use Machine Gun on Boston Mob; 5,000 Guarding City as Riots Continue; City Acclaims Parade of Fighting First |
| Date:
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9/10/1919 |
| Description:
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New York City welcomed home Gen. John J. Pershing and 25,000 soldiers who had served in the United States 1st Division during World War I. |
| Full Story
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Senate Defeats Treaty, Vote 49 to 35; Orders it Returned to the President |
| Date:
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3/19/1920 |
| Description:
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United States Senate rejected for the second time the Treaty of Versailles by a vote of 49-35, falling short of the two-thirds majority needed for approval. |
| Full Story
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Colby Proclaims Woman Suffrage |
| Date:
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8/26/1920 |
| Description:
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19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing American women the right to vote, was declared in effect. |
| Full Story
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Tut-ankh-Amen's Inner Tomb is Opened Revealing Undreamed of Splendors, Still Untouched After 3,400 Years |
| Date:
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2/16/1923 |
| Description:
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The burial chamber of King Tutankhamen's recently unearthed tomb was unsealed in Egypt. |
| Full Story
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President Harding Dies Suddenly; Stroke of Apoplexy at 7:30 P.M.; Calvin Coolidge Is President |
| Date:
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8/2/1923 |
| Description:
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The 29th president of the United States, Warren G. Harding, died in San Francisco. Calvin Coolidge took the oath of office as President of the United States. |
| Full Story
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Fliers At Seattle End World Flight of 27,000 Miles |
| Date:
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9/28/1924 |
| Description:
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Two United States Army planes landed in Seattle, Washington, having completed the first round-the-world flight in 175 days. |
| Full Story
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Scopes Is Indicted in Tennessee for Teaching Evolution |
| Date:
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5/25/1925 |
| Description:
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John T. Scopes was indicted in Tennessee for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution. |
| Full Story
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Scopes Guilty, Fined $100, Scores Law; Benediction Ends Trial, Appeal Starts; Darrow Answers Nine Bryan Questions |
| Date:
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7/21/1925 |
| Description:
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