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Decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott Case |
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3/6/1857 |
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The Supreme Court decided in its Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court held that Scott, a slave, could not sue for his freedom in a federal court. |
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THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION |
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11/6/1860 |
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Former Illinois congressman Abraham Lincoln defeated three other candidates for the United States presidency. |
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The Inauguration of the President of the Southern Confederacy |
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2/18/1861 |
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Jefferson Davis was sworn in as president of the Confederate States of America in Montgomery, Ala. |
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HIGHLY IMPORTANT NEWS; Desperate Naval Engagements in Hampton Roads |
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3/9/1862 |
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The dullness of Old Point was startled today by the announcement that a suspicious looking vessel, supposed to be the Merrimac, looking like a submerged house, with the roof only above water, was mowing down from Norfolk by the channel in front of the Sowel's Point batteries. Signal guns were also fired by the Cumberland and Congress, to notify the Minnesota, St. Lawrence and Roanoke of the approaching danger, and all was excitement in and about Fortress Monroe. |
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The Battle of Pittsburgh |
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4/7/1862 |
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Union forces led by Gen. Ulysses S. Grant defeated the Confederates at the battle of Shiloh in Tennessee. |
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A Proclamation by the President of the United States |
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9/22/1862 |
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President Lincoln issued the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, declaring all slaves in rebel states should be free as of Jan. 1, 1863. |
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Battle of Antietam Creek |
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9/17/1862 |
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Union forces hurled back a Confederate invasion of Maryland in the Civil War Battle of Antietam. During the battle, 23,100 were killed, wounded or captured, making it the bloodiest day in United States military history. |
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The Heroes of July |
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11/19/1863 |
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President Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address as he dedicated a national cemetery at the site of the Civil War battlefield in Pennsylvania. |
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The Great Battles |
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7/3/1863 |
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Civil War's Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania ended after three days in a major victory for the North as Confederate troops retreated. |
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SAVANNAH OURS |
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12/22/1864 |
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During the Civil War, Union Gen. William T. Sherman sent a message to President Lincoln from Georgia, saying, "I beg to present you as a Christmas gift the city of Savannah." |
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From Washington Abolition of Slavery |
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1/31/1865 |
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House of Representatives passed a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery. |
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Hang Out Your Banners; Union Victory! Peace! |
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4/9/1865 |
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Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Union Gen. Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House in Virginia. |
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Awful Event |
| Date:
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4/14/1865 |
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President Lincoln was shot and mortally wounded by John Wilkes Booth while attending the comedy "Our American Cousin" at Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C. He died the next day |
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Washington |
| Date:
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2/24/1868 |
| Description:
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The United States House of Representatives impeached President Johnson following his attempted dismissal of Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton; Johnson was later acquitted by the Senate. |
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Impeachment |
| Date:
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3/13/1868 |
| Description:
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The impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson began in the United States Senate. |
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IMPEACHMENT |
| Date:
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5/16/1868 |
| Description:
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he United States Senate failed by one vote to convict President Andrew Johnson as it took its first ballot on one of 11 articles of impeachment against him. (Johnson was acquitted of all charges.) |
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Impeachment |
| Date:
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5/26/1868 |
| Description:
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The Senate impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson ended with his acquittal as the Senate fell one vote short of the two-thirds majority required for conviction. |
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East and West: Completion of the Great Line Spanning the Continent |
| Date:
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5/10/1869 |
| Description:
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A golden spike was driven at Promontory, Utah, marking the completion of the first transcontinental railroad in the United States. |
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The Colored Member Admitted to His Seat in the Senate |
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2/25/1870 |
| Description:
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Hiram R. Revels, R-Miss., became the first black member of the United States Senate as he was sworn in to serve out the unexpired term of Jefferson Davis. |
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The Little Horn Massacre |
| Date:
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6/25/1876 |
| Description:
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Lt. Col. George A. Custer and his 7th Cavalry were wiped out by Sioux and Cheyenne Indians in the Battle of Little Big Horn in Montana. |
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President-Elect Hayes |
| Date:
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3/2/1877 |
| Description:
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Republican Rutherford B. Hayes was declared the winner of the 1876 presidential election over Democrat Samuel J. Tilden, even though Tilden had won the popular vote. |
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Edison's Electric Light |
| Date:
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10/21/1879 |
| Description:
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Thomas Edison invented a workable electric light at his laboratory in Menlo Park, N.J. |
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The President Dead |
| Date:
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9/19/1881 |
| Description:
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The 20th president of the United States, James A. Garfield, died of wounds inflicted by an assassin. |
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Two Great Cities United |
| Date:
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5/24/1883 |
| Description:
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The Brooklyn Bridge, linking Brooklyn and Manhattan, was opened to traffic. |
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Hundreds of Lives Lost |
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5/31/1885 |
| Description:
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More than 2,000 people perished when a dam break sent water rushing through Johnstown, Pa. |
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Into Oklahoma at Last |
| Date:
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4/22/1889 |
| Description:
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Oklahoma Land Rush began at noon as thousands of homesteaders staked claims. |
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A Revolution in Hawaii |
| Date:
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1/17/1893 |
| Description:
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Hawaii's monarchy was overthrown as a group of businessmen and sugar planters forced Queen Liliuokalani to abdicate. |
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Repudiation Has Won |
| Date:
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7/9/1896 |
| Description:
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William Jennings Bryan caused a sensation at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago with his "cross of gold" speech denouncing supporters of the gold standard. Bryan went on to win the party's nomination. |
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The Maine Blown Up |
| Date:
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2/15/1898 |
| Description:
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The U.S. battleship Maine blew up in Havana Harbor, killing 260 crew members and escalating tensions with Spain. |
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Spain to Use Privateers |
| Date:
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4/24/1898 |
| Description:
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Spain declared war on the United States after rejecting America's ultimatum to withdraw from Cuba. |
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War Suspended, Peace Assured |
| Date:
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8/12/1898 |
| Description:
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The peace protocol ending the Spanish-American War was signed. |
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Gold Now the Standard |
| Date:
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3/14/1900 |
| Description:
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Congress ratified the Gold Standard Act. |
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President Shot at Buffalo Fair |
| Date:
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9/6/1901 |
| Description:
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President McKinley was shot and mortally wounded by anarchist Leon Czolgosz at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, N.Y. |
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New England Welcomes President Roosevelt |
| Date:
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8/22/1902 |
| Description:
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President Theodore Roosevelt became the first United States chief executive to ride in an automobile. |
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AIRSHIP AFTER BUYER |
| Date:
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12/17/1903 |
| Description:
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Orville and Wilbur Wright took the first successful man-powered airplane flights, near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. |
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OUR SUBWAY OPEN, 150,000 TRY IT |
| Date:
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10/27/1904 |
| Description:
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The first rapid transit subway, the IRT, opened in New York City. |
| Full Story
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1,000 Lives May Be Lost in Burning of the Excursion Boat Gen. Slocum |
| Date:
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6/15/1904 |
| Description:
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More than 1,000 people died when fire erupted aboard the steamboat General Slocum in New York City's East River. |
| Full Story
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Over 500 Dead, $200,000,000 Lost in San Francisco Earthquake |
| Date:
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4/18/1906 |
| Description:
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A devastating earthquake struck San Francisco, followed by raging fires. About 700 people died. |
| Full Story
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Peary Discovers the North Pole After Eight Trials in 23 Years |
| Date:
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4/6/1909 |
| Description:
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Explorers Robert E. Peary and Matthew A. Henson became the first men to reach the North Pole. The claim, disputed by skeptics, was upheld in 1989 by the Navigation Foundation. |
| Full Story
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Mark Twain is Dead at 74 |
| Date:
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4/21/1910 |
| Description:
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Author Samuel Langhorne Clemens, better known as Mark Twain, died in Redding, Conn. |
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Standard Oil Company Must Dissolve in 6 Months; Only Unreasonable Restraint of Trade Forbidden |
| Date:
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5/15/1911 |
| Description:
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The Supreme Court ordered the dissolution of Standard Oil Company, ruling it was in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. |
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Scott 150 Miles From South Pole Jan. 3; Will Stay In Antarctic Another Year |
| Date:
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1/18/1912 |
| Description:
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English explorer Robert F. Scott and his expedition reached the South Pole, only to discover that Roald Amundsen had gotten there first. |
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Titanic Sinks Four Hours After Hitting Iceberg; 866 Rescued By Carpathia, Probably 1,250 Perish; Ismay Safe, Mrs. Astor Maybe, Noted Names Missing |
| Date:
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4/15/1912 |
| Description:
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British luxury liner Titanic sank in the North Atlantic off Newfoundland, less than three hours after striking an iceberg. About 1,500 people died |
| Full Story
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Austria Ready to Invade Servia, Sends Ultimatum |
| Date:
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7/23/1914 |
| Description:
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Austria-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia following the killing of Archduke Francis Ferdinand by a Serb assassin; the dispute led to World War I. |
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Austria Formally Declares War on Servia; Russia Threatens, Already Moving Troops; Peace of Europe Now In Kaiser's Hands |
| Date:
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7/28/1914 |
| Description:
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Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. World War I began as declarations of war by other European nations quickly followed. |
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England Declares War on Germany |
| Date:
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8/4/1914 |
| Description:
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Britain declared war on Germany while the United States proclaimed its neutrality |
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French Capture 7,500 in Big Verdun Drive; Smash Six-Mile Front |
| Date:
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12/15/1916 |
| Description:
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The French defeated the Germans in the World War I Battle of Verdun. |
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Bolsheviki Seize State Buildings, Defying Kerensky |
| Date:
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11/7/1917 |
| Description:
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Russia's Bolshevik Revolution took place as forces led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin overthrew the provisional government of Alexander Kerensky. |
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Relations With Germany Are Broken Off |
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2/3/1917 |
| Description:
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The United States broke off diplomatic relations with Germany, which had announced a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare |
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Hunger Causes Petrograd Riots |
| Date:
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3/8/1917 |
| Description:
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Russia's February Revolution began with rioting and strikes in St. Petersburg. |
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President Calls for War Declaration, Stronger Navy, New Army of 500,000 Men, Full Co-operation With Germany's Foes |
| Date:
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4/2/1917 |
| Description:
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President Woodrow Wilson asked Congress to declare war against Germany, saying, "The world must be made safe for democracy." |
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Armistice Signed, End Of The War! Berlin Seized By Revolutionists; New Chancellor Begs For Order |
| Date:
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11/11/1918 |
| Description:
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Fighting in World War I came to an end with the signing of an armistice between the Allies and Germany. |
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Americans Drive Germans Back Over Marne: Take 1,000 Prisoners and Check Big Drive: German Attack on a 60-Mile Front Fails |
| Date:
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7/15/1918 |
| Description:
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Second Battle of the Marne began during World War I. |
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Ex-Czar of Russia Killed by Order of Ural Soviet |
| Date:
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7/16/1918 |
| Description:
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Russia's Czar Nicholas II, his empress and their five children were executed by the Bolsheviks |
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Peace Signed, Ends the Great War; Germans Depart Still Protesting; Prohibition Till Troops Disband |
| Date:
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6/28/1919 |
| Description:
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Treaty of Versailles was signed in France, ending World War I. |
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Troops Use Machine Gun on Boston Mob; 5,000 Guarding City as Riots Continue; City Acclaims Parade of Fighting First |
| Date:
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9/10/1919 |
| Description:
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New York City welcomed home Gen. John J. Pershing and 25,000 soldiers who had served in the United States 1st Division during World War I. |
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Senate Defeats Treaty, Vote 49 to 35; Orders it Returned to the President |
| Date:
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3/19/1920 |
| Description:
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United States Senate rejected for the second time the Treaty of Versailles by a vote of 49-35, falling short of the two-thirds majority needed for approval. |
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Colby Proclaims Woman Suffrage |
| Date:
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8/26/1920 |
| Description:
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19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, guaranteeing American women the right to vote, was declared in effect. |
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Tut-ankh-Amen's Inner Tomb is Opened Revealing Undreamed of Splendors, Still Untouched After 3,400 Years |
| Date:
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2/16/1923 |
| Description:
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The burial chamber of King Tutankhamen's recently unearthed tomb was unsealed in Egypt. |
| Full Story
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President Harding Dies Suddenly; Stroke of Apoplexy at 7:30 P.M.; Calvin Coolidge Is President |
| Date:
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8/2/1923 |
| Description:
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The 29th president of the United States, Warren G. Harding, died in San Francisco. Calvin Coolidge took the oath of office as President of the United States. |
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Fliers At Seattle End World Flight of 27,000 Miles |
| Date:
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9/28/1924 |
| Description:
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Two United States Army planes landed in Seattle, Washington, having completed the first round-the-world flight in 175 days. |
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Scopes Is Indicted in Tennessee for Teaching Evolution |
| Date:
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5/25/1925 |
| Description:
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John T. Scopes was indicted in Tennessee for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution. |
| Full Story
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Scopes Guilty, Fined $100, Scores Law; Benediction Ends Trial, Appeal Starts; Darrow Answers Nine Bryan Questions |
| Date:
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7/21/1925 |
| Description:
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The so-called ``Monkey Trial'' ended in Dayton, Tenn., with John T. Scopes convicted of violating state law for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution. The conviction was later overturned. |
| Full Story
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Lindbergh Does It! To Paris in 33 1/2 Hours; Flies 1,000 Miles Through Snow and Sleet; Cheering French Carry Him Off Field |
| Date:
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5/21/1927 |
| Description:
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Charles A. Lindbergh landed his "Spirit of St. Louis" near Paris, completing the first solo airplane flight across the Atlantic Ocean. |
| Full Story
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Sacco and Vanzetti Put to Death Early This Morning |
| Date:
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8/23/1927 |
| Description:
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Italian-born anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were executed in Boston for the murders of two men during a 1920 robbery. They were vindicated in 1977 by Massachusetts Gov. Michael S. Dukakis. |
| Full Story
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Amelia Earhart Flies Atlantic, First Woman To Do It; Tells Her Own Story of Perilous 21-Hour Trip to Wales; Radio Quit and They Flew Blind Over Invisible Ocean |
| Date:
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6/17/1928 |
| Description:
|
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Amelia Earhart embarked on the first trans-Atlantic flight by a woman. She flew from Newfoundland to Wales in about 21 hours |
| Full Story
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STOCKS COLLAPSE IN 16,410,030-SHARE DAY, BUT RALLY AT CLOSE CHEERS BROKERS; BANKERS OPTIMISTIC, TO CONTINUE AID |
| Date:
|
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10/29/1929 |
| Description:
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Black Tuesday descended upon the New York Stock Exchange. Prices collapsed amid panic selling and thousands of investors were wiped out as America's Great Depression began. |
| Full Story
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7 Chicago Gangsters Slain by Firing Squad of Rivals, Some in Police Uniforms |
| Date:
|
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2/14/1929 |
| Description:
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The St. Valentine's Day Massacre took place in a Chicago garage as seven rivals of Al Capone's gang were gunned down. |
| Full Story
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Pope Becomes Ruler Of A State Again |
| Date:
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6/7/1929 |
| Description:
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The sovereign state of Vatican City came into existence as copies of the Lateran Treaty were exchanged in Rome. |
| Full Story
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Lindbergh Baby Kidnapped From Home of Parents on Farm Near Princeton |
| Date:
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3/1/1932 |
| Description:
|
|
Charles Augustus Lindbergh Jr., 20-month-old son of Colonel and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh, was kidnapped between 8:30 and 10 o'clock last night from his crib in the nursery on the second floor of his parents' home at Hopewell, near Princeton, N. J. |
| Full Story
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UNITED STATES RECOGNIZES SOVIET, EXACTING PLEDGE ON PROPAGANDA; BULLITT NAMED FIRST AMBASSADOR |
| Date:
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11/16/1933 |
| Description:
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|
United States and the Soviet Union established diplomatic relations. President Roosevelt sent a telegram to Soviet leader Maxim Litvinov, expressing hope that United States-Soviet relations would ``forever remain normal and friendly.'' |
| Full Story
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Prohibition Repeal Is Ratified at 5:32 P.M.; Roosevelt Asks Nation to Bar the Saloon; New York Celebrates With Quiet Restraint |
| Date:
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12/5/1933 |
| Description:
|
|
National Prohibition came to an end as Utah became the 36th state to ratify the 21st Amendment to the Constitution, repealing the 18th Amendment. |
| Full Story
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Roosevelt Names Last of Cabinet |
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3/4/1933 |
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The completion of his Cabinet was announced today by President-elect Roosevelt when he named Senator Thomas J. Walsh of Montana as Attorney General, Daniel C. Roper of Washington as Secretary of Commerce and Frances Perkins, head of the State Labor Department, as Secretary of Labor. |
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President Starts Recovery Program, Signs Bank, Rail and Industry Bills; Wheat Growers Will Get $150,000,000 |
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6/16/1933 |
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President Roosevelt opened his New Deal recovery program, signing bank, rail, and industry bills and initiating farm aid. |
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Barrow and Woman Are Slain by Police in Louisiana Trap |
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5/23/1934 |
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Bank robbers Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow were shot to death in a police ambush as they were driving a stolen Ford Deluxe along a road in Bienville Parish, La. |
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Dillinger Slain in Chicago; Shot Dead by Federal Men in Front of Movie Theatre |
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7/22/1934 |
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A man identified as bank robber John Dillinger was shot to death by federal agents outside Chicago's Biograph Theater. |
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Hitler Endorsed by 9 to 1 in Poll on his Dictatorship, but Opposition Is Doubled |
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8/19/1934 |
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A plebiscite in Germany approved the vesting of sole executive power in Adolf Hitler as Fuhrer. |
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Hauptmann Guilty, Sentenced to Death for the Murder of the Lindbergh Baby |
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2/13/1935 |
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A jury in Flemington, N.J., found Bruno Richard Hauptmann guilty of first-degree murder in the kidnap-death of the infant son of Charles and Anne Lindbergh. Hauptmann was later executed |
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Lawrence to Have a Simple Funeral |
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5/19/1935 |
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T.E. Lawrence, also known as "Lawrence of Arabia," died in England from injuries sustained in a motorcycle crash. |
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Roosevelt Sweeps The Nation; His Electoral Vote Exceeds 500; Lehman Wins; Charter Adopted |
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11/3/1936 |
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President Roosevelt was re-elected in a landslide over Republican challenger Alfred M. ``Alf'' Landon. |
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Spain Checks Army Rising as Morocco Forces Rebel; 2 Cities in Africa Bombed |
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7/18/1936 |
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Spanish Civil War began as Gen. Francisco Franco led an uprising of army troops based in Spanish North Africa. |
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100,000 Hail Hitler; U.S. Athletes Avoid Nazi Salute to Him |
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8/1/1936 |
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Olympic games opened in Berlin with a ceremony presided over by Adolf Hitler |
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Roosevelt Asks Power to Reform Courts, Increasing the Supreme Bench to 15 Judges; Congress Startled, But Expected to Approve |
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2/5/1937 |
| Description:
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President Roosevelt proposed increasing the number of Supreme Court justices; critics charged Roosevelt was attempting to "pack" the court. |
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Hindenburg Burns in Lakehurst Crash; 21 Known Dead, 12 Missing; 64 Escape |
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5/6/1937 |
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The hydrogen-filled German dirigible Hindenburg burned and crashed in Lakehurst, N.J., killing 36 of the 97 people on board. |
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Miss Earhart Forced Down at Sea, Howland Isle Fears; Coast Guard Begins Search |
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7/2/1937 |
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Aviator Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan disappeared over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first round-the-world flight at the equator. |
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Britain and Germany Make Anti-War Pact; Hitler Gets Less Than His Sudeten Demands; Polish Ultimatum Threatens Action Today |
| Date:
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9/30/1938 |
| Description:
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British and French leaders agreed to allow Nazi Germany to occupy sections of the Sudeten region of Czechoslovakia. |
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CAPONE CONVICTED OF DODGING TAXES; MAY GET 17 YEARS |
| Date:
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10/17/1939 |
| Description:
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Mobster Al Capone was convicted of income tax evasion and sentenced to 11 years in prison. He was released in 1939. |
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German Army Attacks Poland; Cities Bombed, Port Blockaded; Danzig Is Accepted Into Reich |
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9/1/1939 |
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World War II began as Nazi Germany invaded Poland. |
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Flames Leap High |
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12/29/1940 |
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During World War II, Germany began dropping incendiary bombs on London. |
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French Sign Reich Truce, Rome Pact Next; British Bomb Krupp Works and Bremen; House Quickly Passes 2-Ocean Navy Bill |
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6/22/1940 |
| Description:
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During World War II, Adolf Hitler gained a stunning victory as France was forced to sign an armistice eight days after German forces overran Paris |
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100 Planes Clash in Battle Over a Convoy in Channel; Fight Off Italy Indecisive |
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7/10/1940 |
| Description:
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During World War II, the 114-day Battle of Britain began as Nazi forces began attacking southern England by air. By late October, Britain managed to repel the Luftwaffe, which suffered heavy losses. |
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German Planes Raid London All Day |
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9/7/1940 |
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Nazi Germany began its initial blitz on London during World War II. |
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U.S. NOW AT WAR WITH GERMANY AND ITALY; JAPANESE CHECKED IN ALL LAND FIGHTING; 3 OF THEIR SHIPS SUNK, 2D BATTLESHIP HIT |
| Date:
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12/11/1941 |
| Description:
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Germany and Italy declared war on the United States; the U.S. responded in kind. |
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U.S. DECLARES WAR, PACIFIC BATTLE WIDENS |
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12/8/1941 |
| Description:
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United States entered World War II as Congress declared war against Japan, a day after the attack on Pearl Harbor. |
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Japan Wars on U.S. and Britain; Makes Sudden Attack On Hawaii; Heavy Fighting At Sea Reported |
| Date:
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12/7/1941 |
| Description:
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Japanese warplanes attacked the home base of the United States Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor, an act that led to America's entry into World War II. |
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President Signs, Starts War Aid; To Ask $7,000,000,000 Fund Today British Sea Losses Rise Sharply |
| Date:
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3/11/1941 |
| Description:
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President Roosevelt signed into law the Lend-Lease Bill, providing war supplies to countries fighting the Axis. |
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British Open 'V' Nerve War; Churchill Spurs Resistance |
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7/19/1941 |
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British Prime Minister Winston Churchill launched his ``V for Victory'' campaign in Europe. |
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Our Men In Drives On Guadalcanal |
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11/12/1942 |
| Description:
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World War II naval Battle of Guadalcanal began. The Americans eventually won a major victory over the Japanese. |
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Full 'Gas' Rationing Dec. 1 Ordered by the President |
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11/26/1942 |
| Description:
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President Roosevelt ordered nationwide gasoline rationing, beginning December 1. |
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M'Arthur in Australia as Allied Commander; Move Hailed as Foreshadowing Turn of Tide |
| Date:
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3/17/1942 |
| Description:
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General Douglas MacArthur today became Supreme Commander of the United Nations forces in the Southwestern Pacific. |
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Soviet And Britain Sign War And Peace Pact; Molotoff And Roosevelt Plan For 2D Front; Army Fliers Blasted Two Fleets Off Midway |
| Date:
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6/11/1942 |
| Description:
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United States and the Soviet Union signed a lend lease agreement to aid the Soviet war effort in World War II. |
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BIGGEST PACIFIC AIR FLEET BOMBS RABAUL; WRECKS 177 PLANES, 123 SHIPS IN SURPRISE; BADOGLIO, DECLARING WAR, RALLIES ITALY |
| Date:
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10/13/1943 |
| Description:
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Italy declared war on Germany, its one-time Axis partner. |
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ROOSEVELT, STALIN, CHURCHILL AGREE ON PLANS FOR WAR ON GERMANY IN TALKS AT TEHERAN; 1,500 MORE TONS OF BOMBS DROPPED ON BERLIN |
| Date:
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11/28/1943 |
| Description:
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President Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Josef Stalin met in Tehran during World War II. |
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Ruined Berlin Afire After 2d Bombing; U. S. Planes Smash At Toulon and Sofia; 4 Japanese Destroyers Sunk In Battle |
| Date:
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11/23/1943 |
| Description:
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During World War II, United States forces seized control of the Tarawa and Makin atolls from the Japanese. |
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Guadalcanal Is Ours |
| Date:
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2/9/1943 |
| Description:
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World War II battle of Guadalcanal in the southwest Pacific ended with an American victory over Japanese forces. |
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Russians Liquidate Last Stalingrad Pocket |
| Date:
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2/2/1943 |
| Description:
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Remainder of Nazi forces from the Battle of Stalingrad surrendered in a major victory for the Soviets in World War II. |
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Tunisian Resistance Ends in Rout of Germans; Gen. Von Arnim and 150,000 Men Captured; Pacific Believed Roosevelt-Churchill Topic |
| Date:
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5/12/1943 |
| Description:
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During World War II, Axis forces in North Africa surrendered. |
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Hitler's Sea Wall Is Breached, Invaders Fighting Way Inland; New Allied Landings Are Made |
| Date:
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6/6/1944 |
| Description:
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D-Day invasion of Europe took place during World War II as Allied forces stormed the beaches of Normandy, France. |
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Allied Forces Help French to Rid Capital of Nazis |
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8/25/1944 |
| Description:
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Paris was liberated by Allied forces after four years of Nazi occupation. |
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CHARTER BECOMES 'LAW OF NATIONS,' 29 RATIFYING IT |
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10/24/1945 |
| Description:
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United Nations officially came into existence as its charter took effect. |
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Allies Open Trial Of 20 Top Germans For Crimes Of War |
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11/20/1945 |
| Description:
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24 Nazi leaders went on trial before an international war crimes tribunal in Nuremberg, Germany. |
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UNO Bill Approved By Senate, 65 to 7, With One Change |
| Date:
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12/4/1945 |
| Description:
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Senate approved United States participation in the United Nations. |
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U. S. Marines Storm Ashore on Iwo Island |
| Date:
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2/19/1945 |
| Description:
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During World War II, some 30,000 United States Marines landed on the Western Pacific island of Iwo Jima, where they encountered ferocious resistance from Japanese forces. The Americans took control of the strategically important island after a month-long battle. |
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Big 3 Doom Nazism and Reich Militarism; Agree on Freed Lands and Oaks Voting; Convoke United Nations in U.S. April 25 |
| Date:
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2/11/1945 |
| Description:
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President Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Josef Stalin signed the Yalta Agreement during World War II. |
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46 Nations Ready to Organize Peace; Only Poles Absent |
| Date:
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4/25/1945 |
| Description:
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During World War II, United States and Soviet forces linked up on the Elbe River, in central Europe, a meeting that dramatized the collapse of Nazi Germany. |
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Americans Invade Okinawa in Ryukyus; Seize 2 Airfields; First Resistance Light; 9th and 1st Armies Join, Circling Ruhr |
| Date:
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4/1/1945 |
| Description:
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American forces invaded Okinawa during World War II |
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President Roosevelt is Dead; Truman to Continue Policies |
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4/12/1945 |
| Description:
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Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, died of a cerebral hemorrhage in Warm Springs, Ga., at age 63. Vice President Harry S. Truman became president. |
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Berlin Falls to Russians, 70,000 Give Up; 1,000,000 Surrender in Italy and Austria; Denmark Is Cut Off; Hamburg Gives Up |
| Date:
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5/2/1945 |
| Description:
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Soviet Union announced the fall of Berlin and the Allies announced the surrender of Nazi troops in Italy and parts of Austria. |
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The War in Europe is Ended! Surrender Is Unconditional; V-E Will Be Proclaimed Today; Our Troops on Okinawa Gain |
| Date:
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5/7/1945 |
| Description:
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Germany signed an unconditional surrender at Allied headquarters in Rheims, France, to take effect the following day, ending the European conflict of World War II. |
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Cruiser Sunk, 1,196 Casualties; Took Atom Bomb Cargo to Guam |
| Date:
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7/30/1945 |
| Description:
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USS Indianapolis, which had just delivered key components of the Hiroshima atomic bomb to the Pacific island of Tinian, was torpedoed by a Japanese submarine. Only 316 out of 1,196 men survived the sinking and shark-infested waters. |
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Japan Surrenders, End of War! |
| Date:
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8/14/1945 |
| Description:
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President Truman announced that Japan had surrendered unconditionally, ending World War II. |
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First Atomic Bomb Dropped on Japan; Missile Is Equal to 20,000 Tons of TNT; Truman Warns Foe of a 'Rain of Ruin' |
| Date:
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8/6/1945 |
| Description:
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United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, during World War II, killing an estimated 140,000 people in the first use of a nuclear weapon in warfare. |
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Atom Bomb Loosed on Nagasaki |
| Date:
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8/9/1945 |
| Description:
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Three days after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan, the United States exploded a nuclear device over Nagasaki, killing an estimated 74,000 people. |
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Japan Surrenders To Allies, Signs Rigid Terms On Warship; Truman Sets Today As V-J Day |
| Date:
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9/2/1945 |
| Description:
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Japan formally surrendered in ceremonies aboard the USS Missouri, ending World War II. |
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Truman Declares Hostilities Ended, Terminating Many Wartime Laws; Republican Chiefs Commend Action |
| Date:
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12/31/1946 |
| Description:
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President Truman officially proclaimed the end of hostilities in World War II. |
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Churchill Assails Soviet Policy |
| Date:
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3/5/1946 |
| Description:
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Winston Churchill delivered his famous "Iron Curtain" speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Mo. |
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Truman Calls On Nation To Forego Meat Tuesdays, Poultry, Eggs Thursdays |
| Date:
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10/5/1947 |
| Description:
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in the first televised White House address, President Truman asked Americans to refrain from eating meat on Tuesdays and poultry on Thursdays to help stockpile grain for starving people in Europe. |
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ASSEMBLY VOTES PALESTINE PARTITION; MARGIN IS 33 TO 13; ARABS WALK OUT; ARANHA HAILS WORK AS SESSION ENDS |
| Date:
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11/29/1947 |
| Description:
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U.N. General Assembly passed a resolution calling for the partitioning of Palestine between Arabs and Jews. |
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Truman Acts to Save Nations From Red Rule |
| Date:
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3/12/1947 |
| Description:
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President Truman established what became known as the Truman Doctrine to help Greece and Turkey resist Communism. |
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Dodgers Purchase Robinson, First Negro in Modern Major League Baseball |
| Date:
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4/10/1947 |
| Description:
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Brooklyn Dodgers president Branch Rickey announced he had purchased the contract of Jackie Robinson from the Montreal Royals. |
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Blasts and Fires Wreck Texas City of 15,000; 300 to 1,200 Dead; Thousands Hurt, Homeless; Wide Coast Area Rocked, Damage in Millions |
| Date:
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4/16/1947 |
| Description:
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America's worst harbor explosion occurred in Texas City, Texas, when the French ship Grandcamp, carrying ammonium nitrate fertilizer, caught fire and blew up, devastating the town. Another ship, the Highflyer, exploded the following day. The explosions and resulting fires killed more than 500 people and left 200 others missing. |
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58, 339 Acclaim Babe Ruth in Rare Tribute at Stadium |
| Date:
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4/27/1947 |
| Description:
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"Babe Ruth Day" at Yankee Stadium was held to honor the ailing baseball star. |
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Kon-Tiki Trip Ends on Pacific Reef; Party Safe After 4,000-Mile Drift |
| Date:
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4/28/1947 |
| Description:
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A six-man expedition sailed from Peru aboard a balsa wood raft named the Kon-Tiki on a 101-day journey across the Pacific Ocean to Polynesia. |
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Truman Signs Bill for Near East Aid as 'Step to Peace' |
| Date:
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5/22/1947 |
| Description:
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The Truman Doctrine was enacted as Congress appropriated military and economic aid for Greece and Turkey. |
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Bill Curbing Labor Becomes Law As Senate Overrides Veto, 68-25; Unions To Fight For Quick Repeal |
| Date:
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6/23/1947 |
| Description:
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Senate joined the House in overriding President Truman's veto of the Taft-Hartley Act. |
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Congress Adjourns At 3:50 A.M., Far Short Of GOP Economy Goal; Forrestal Is New Defense Chief |
| Date:
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7/26/1947 |
| Description:
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President Truman signed the National Security Act, creating the Department of Defense, the National Security Council, the Central Intelligence Agency and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. |
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India and Pakistan Become Nations; Clashes Continue |
| Date:
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8/15/1947 |
| Description:
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India and Pakistan became independent after some 200 years of British rule. |
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Defense Command Filled As 2 More Take Service Oath |
| Date:
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9/18/1947 |
| Description:
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the National Security Act, which unified the Army, Navy and newly formed Air Force, went into effect. |
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Gandhi Is Killed By A Hindu; India Shaken, World Mourns; 15 Die In Rioting In Bombay Three Shots Fired |
| Date:
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1/30/1948 |
| Description:
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Indian political and spiritual leader Mahatma Gandhi was murdered by a Hindu extremist. |
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Human Rights Declaration Adopted by U. N. Assembly |
| Date:
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10/10/1948 |
| Description:
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U.N. General Assembly adopted its Universal Declaration on Human Rights. |
| Full Story
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Aid Bill is Signed by Truman as Reply to Foes of Liberty |
| Date:
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4/3/1948 |
| Description:
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President Truman signed the Marshall Plan, which allocated more than $5 billion in aid for 16 European countries. |
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Zionists Proclaim New State of Israel; Truman Recognizes it and Hopes for Peace |
| Date:
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5/14/1948 |
| Description:
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British rule in Palestine came to an end, and the independent state of Israel was proclaimed at 12:01 the following day. |
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Charter Of Rights Is Adopted In U.N. |
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6/18/1948 |
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United Nations Commission on Human Rights adopted its International Declaration of Human Rights |
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India a Republic, Prasad President |
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1/26/1950 |
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India officially proclaimed itself a republic as Rajendra Prasad took the oath of office as president. |
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PRESIDENT PROCLAIMS A NATIONAL EMERGENCY; AUTO PRICES ROLLED BACK; RAIL STRIKE ENDS; ALLIES GIVE UP HAMHUNG; WU REJECTS TRUCE |
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12/16/1950 |
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President Truman proclaimed a national state of emergency in order to fight "Communist imperialism." |
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Truman Orders U.S. Air, Navy Units To Fight In Aid Of Korea; U.N. Council Supports Him; Our Fliers In Action; Fleet Guards Formosa |
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6/27/1950 |
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President Truman ordered the Air Force and Navy into the Korean War following a call from the United Nations Security Council for member nations to help South Korea repel an invasion from the North |
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Truman Names MacArthur to Head U.N. Force in Korea |
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7/8/1950 |
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Gen. Douglas MacArthur was named commander-in-chief of United Nations forces in Korea. |
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Atom Spy Couple Sentenced to Die; Aide Gets 30 Years |
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4/5/1951 |
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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were sentenced to death for conspiring to commit espionage for the Soviet Union. |
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Truman Relieves M'Arthur of All His Posts; Finds Him Unable to Back U.S.-U.N. Policies; Ridgway Named to Far Eastern Commands |
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4/11/1951 |
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President Truman relieved Gen. Douglas MacArthur of his commands in the Far East. |
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King George Dies in Sleep at Sandringham |
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2/6/1952 |
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Britain's King George VI died; he was succeeded by his daughter, Elizabeth II. |
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Nixon Leaves Fate To G.O.P. Chiefs; Eisenhower Calls Him To A Talk; Stevenson Maps Inflation Curbs |
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9/23/1952 |
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Republican vice-presidential candidate Richard M. Nixon went on television to deliver what came to be known as the ''Checkers'' speech as he refuted allegations of improper campaign financing. |
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EXPERIMENTS FOR HYDROGEN BOMB HELD SUCCESSFULLY AT ENIWETOK; LEAKS ABOUT BLAST UNDER INQUIRY |
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11/1/1953 |
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United States exploded the first hydrogen bomb, in a test at Eniwetok in the Marshall Islands. |
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2 of British Team Conquer Everest |
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5/29/1953 |
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Mount Everest was conquered as Edmund Hillary of New Zealand, and Tensing Norgay of Nepal became the first climbers to reach the summit. |
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Elizabeth II Crowned In Abbey; Millions Cheer Parade In Rain; Ruler Bids Subjects Look Ahead |
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6/2/1953 |
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Queen Elizabeth II of Britain was crowned in Westminster Abbey, 16 months after the death of her father, King George VI. |
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Truce Is Signed, Ending The Fighting In Korea; P.O.W. Exchange Near; Rhee Gets U.S. Pledge; Eisenhower Bids Free World Stay Vigilant |
| Date:
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7/27/1953 |
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Korean War armistice was signed at Panmunjom, ending three years of fighting. |
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Final Vote Condemns M'Carthy, 67-22, For Abusing Senate and Committee; Zwicker Count Eliminated in Debate |
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12/2/1954 |
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Senate voted to condemn Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy, R Wis., for "conduct that tends to bring the Senate into dishonor and disrepute." |
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Lasting Prevention of Polio Reported in Vaccine Tests |
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2/23/1954 |
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The first mass inoculation of children against polio with the Salk vaccine began in Pittsburgh. |
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High Court Bans School Segregation; 9-to-0 Decision Grants Time to Comply |
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5/17/1954 |
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The Supreme Court issued its landmark Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka ruling, which declared that racially segregated public schools were inherently unequal. |
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Welch Assails M'Carthy's 'Cruelty' And 'Recklessness' In Attack On Aide; Senator, On Stand, Tells Of Red Hunt |
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6/9/1954 |
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Army counsel Joseph N. Welch confronted Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy during the Senate-Army Hearings over McCarthy's attack on a member of Welch's law firm, Frederick G. Fisher. Said Welch: "Have you no sense of decency, sir? At long last, have you left no sense of decency?" |
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High Court Rules Bus Segregation Unconstitutional |
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11/13/1956 |
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Supreme Court struck down laws calling for racial segregation on public buses. |
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Andrea Doria and Stockholm Collide; 1,134 Passengers Abandon Italian Ship In Fog At Sea; All Saved, Many Injured |
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7/25/1956 |
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Italian liner Andrea Doria sank after colliding with the Swedish ship Stockholm off the New England coast, killing 51 people. |
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Space Age began as the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first man-made satellite, into orbit. |
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10/4/1957 |
| Description:
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Space Age began as the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first man-made satellite, into orbit. |
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BIG ATOMIC PLANT NEAR PITTSBURGH SUPPLYING POWER |
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12/18/1957 |
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Shippingport Atomic Power Station in Pennsylvania, the first civilian nuclear facility to generate electricity in the United States, went online. |
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Miss Gibson Wimbledon Victor |
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7/6/1957 |
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Althea Gibson became the first black tennis player to win a Wimbledon singles title, defeating fellow American Darlene Hard 6-3, 6-2. |
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Arkansas Troops Bar Negro Pupils; Governor Defiant |
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9/4/1957 |
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Arkansas Gov. Orval Faubus called out the National Guard to prevent nine black students from entering Central High School in Little Rock. |
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Khrushchev Takes Full Control, Replacing Bulganin as Premier; U.S. Expects No Change in Policy |
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3/27/1958 |
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Nikita Khrushchev became Soviet premier in addition to First Secretary of the Communist Party. |
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Unknowns of World War II and Korea Are Enshrined |
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5/30/1958 |
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Unidentified soldiers killed in World War II and the Korean conflict were buried at Arlington National Cemetery. |
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Nautilus Sails Under the Pole and 1,830 Miles of Arctic Icecap in Pacific-to-Atlantic Passage |
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8/3/1958 |
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The nuclear-powered submarine Nautilus became the first vessel to cross the North Pole underwater. |
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Nixon and Khrushchev Argue In Public As U.S. Exhibit Opens; Accuse Each Other Of Threats |
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7/24/1959 |
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during a visit to the Soviet Union, Vice President Richard M. Nixon got into a ''kitchen debate'' with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev at a U.S. exhibition. |
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Hawaii Becomes the 50th State; New Flag Shown |
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8/21/1959 |
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President Eisenhower signed an executive order proclaiming Hawaii the 50th state of the union. |
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Soviet Rocket Hits Moon After 35 Hours; Arrival Is Calculated Within 84 Seconds; Signals Received Till Moment of Impact |
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9/14/1959 |
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The Soviet space probe Luna 2 became the first man-made object to reach the moon as it crashed onto the lunar surface. |
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Kennedy's Victory Won By Close Margin; He Promises Fight For World Freedom; Eisenhower Offers 'Orderly Transition' |
| Date:
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11/8/1960 |
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Massachusetts Senator John F. Kennedy defeated Vice President Richard M. Nixon for the presidency. |
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Negro Sitdowns Stir Fear Of Wider Unrest in South |
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2/1/1960 |
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Four black college students began a sit-in protest at a lunch counter in Greensboro, N.C., where they'd been refused service |
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Soviet Downs American Plane; U.S. Says It Was Weather Craft; Khrushchev Sees Summit Blow |
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5/1/1960 |
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Soviet Union shot down an American U-2 reconnaissance plane near Sverdlovsk and captured its pilot, Francis Gary Powers. |
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Kennedy and Nixon Clash in TV Debate on Spending, Farms and Social Issues |
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9/26/1960 |
| Description:
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The first televised debate between presidential candidates Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy took place in Chicago. |
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President Sends Troops to Little Rock, Federalizes Arkansas National Guard; Tells Nation He Acted to Avoid An Anarchy |
| Date:
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9/25/1960 |
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With 300 United States Army troops standing guard, nine black children were escorted to Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, days after unruly white crowds had forced them to withdraw. |
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Maris Hits 61st in Final Game |
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10/1/1961 |
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Roger Maris of the New York Yankees hit his 61st home run of the season, breaking Babe Ruth's record of 60 set in 1927. |
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U.S. Hurls Man 115 Miles Into Space; Shepard Works Controls in Capsule, Reports by Radio in 15-Minute Flight |
| Date:
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5/5/1961 |
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Astronaut Alan B. Shepard Jr. became America's first space traveler as he made a 15-minute suborbital flight in a capsule launched from Cape Canaveral, Fla. |
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400 U.S. Marshals Sent to Alabama as Montgomery Bus Riots Hurt 20; President Bids State Keep Order |
| Date:
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5/20/1961 |
| Description:
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A white mob attacked a busload of "Freedom Riders" in Montgomery, Ala., prompting the federal government to send in United States marshals to restore order. |
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East German Troops Seal Border With West Berlin to Block Refugee Escape |
| Date:
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8/13/1961 |
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Berlin was divided as East Germany sealed off the border between the city's eastern and western sectors in order to halt the flight of refugees. Two days later, work began on the Berlin Wall. |
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President Grave |
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10/22/1962 |
| Description:
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President Kennedy announced an air and naval blockade of Cuba, following the discovery of Soviet missile bases on the island. |
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Powers is Freed by Soviet in an Exchange for Abel; U-2 Pilot on Way to U.S. |
| Date:
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2/10/1962 |
| Description:
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Soviet Union exchanged captured American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers for Rudolph Ivanovich Abel, a Soviet spy held by the United States. |
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Glenn Orbits Earth 3 Times Safely |
| Date:
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2/20/1962 |
| Description:
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Astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit Earth as he flew aboard the Friendship 7 Mercury capsule. |
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Venus Probe Is Believed Succeeding |
| Date:
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8/27/1962 |
| Description:
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United States launched the Mariner 2 space probe, which flew past Venus the following December. |
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President's Assassin Shot To Death In Jail Corridor By A Dallas Citizen; Grieving Throngs View Kennedy Bier |
| Date:
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11/24/1963 |
| Description:
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Jack Ruby shot and mortally wounded Lee Harvey Oswald, the accused assassin of President Kennedy. |
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KENNEDY IS KILLED BY SNIPER AS HE RIDES IN CAR IN DALLAS; JOHNSON SWORN IN ON PLANE |
| Date:
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11/22/1963 |
| Description:
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President Kennedy was assassinated while riding in a motorcade in Dallas. Texas Gov. John B. Connally was seriously wounded. A suspect, Lee Harvey Oswald, was arrested. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson became the 36th president of the United States. |
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Joyful Kenya Gets Independence From Britain |
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12/12/1963 |
| Description:
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Kenya gained its independence from Britain. |
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President Hailed By Over A Million In Visit To Berlin |
| Date:
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6/26/1963 |
| Description:
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President Kennedy visited West Berlin, where he made his famous declaration: "Ich bin ein Berliner" (I am a Berliner). |
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200,000 March for Civil Rights in Orderly Washington Rally; President Sees Gain for Negro |
| Date:
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8/28/1963 |
| Description:
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200,000 people participated in a peaceful civil rights rally in Washington, D.C., where Dr.Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "I Have a Dream"speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial. |
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'Hot Line' Opened by U.S. and Soviet to Cut Attack Risk |
| Date:
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8/30/1963 |
| Description:
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The hot-line communications link between Washington, D.C., and Moscow went into operation. |
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Mississippi Gives Meredith Degree |
| Date:
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8/18/1963 |
| Description:
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James Meredith became the first black to graduate from the University of Mississippi. |
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Test Ban Treaty Signed in Moscow; Leaders Rejoice |
| Date:
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8/5/1963 |
| Description:
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United States, Britain and the Soviet Union signed a treaty in Moscow banning nuclear tests in the atmosphere, space and underwater. |
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Birmingham Bomb Kills 4 Negro Girls In Church; Riots Flare; 2 Boys Slain |
| Date:
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9/15/1963 |
| Description:
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Four children were killed when a bomb went off during Sunday services at a black Baptist church in Birmingham, Alabama. |
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China Tests Atomic Bomb, Asks Summit Talk On Ban; Johnson Minimizes Peril |
| Date:
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10/16/1964 |
| Description:
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China detonated its first atomic bomb. |
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Khrushchev Ousted From Top Posts; Brezhnev Gets Chief Party Position And Kosygin Is Named New Premier |
| Date:
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10/15/1964 |
| Description:
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It was announced that Soviet leader Nikita S. Khrushchev had been removed from office. He was succeeded as premier by Alexei N. Kosygin and as Communist Party secretary by Leonid I. Brezhnev. |
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Martin Luther King Wins The Nobel Prize for Peace |
| Date:
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10/14/1964 |
| Description:
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civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. was named winner of the Nobel Peace Prize. |
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India Mourning Nehru, 74, Dead of a Heart Attack; World Leaders Honor Him |
| Date:
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5/27/1964 |
| Description:
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Independent India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, died. |
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Civil Rights Bill Passed, 73-27; Johnson Urges All To Comply; Dirksen Berates Goldwater |
| Date:
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6/19/1964 |
| Description:
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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was approved after surviving an 83-day filibuster in the United States Senate. |
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3 In Rights Drive Reported Missing |
| Date:
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6/21/1964 |
| Description:
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Three civil rights workers disappeared in Philadelphia, Miss. Their bodies were found buried in an earthen dam six weeks later. Eight members of the Ku Klux Klan went to prison on federal conspiracy charges; none served more than six years. |
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Ranger Takes Close-Up Moon Photos Revealing Craters Only 3 Feet Wide; Data Gained on Landing Site for Man |
| Date:
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7/31/1964 |
| Description:
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American space probe Ranger 7 transmitted pictures of the moon's surface. |
| Full Story
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Congress Backs President on Southeast Asia Moves; Khanh Sets State of Siege |
| Date:
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8/7/1964 |
| Description:
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Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin resolution, giving President Johnson broad powers in dealing with reported North Vietnamese attacks on U.S. forces. |
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Warren Commission Finds Oswald Guilty and Says Assassin and Ruby Acted Alone; Rebukes Secret Service, Asks Revamping |
| Date:
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9/27/1964 |
| Description:
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The Warren Commission issued a report concluding that Lee Harvey Oswald had acted alone in assassinating President Kennedy. |
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Malcolm Knew He Was a 'Marked Man' |
| Date:
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2/21/1965 |
| Description:
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Former Black Muslim leader Malcolm X was shot and killed by assassins identified as Black Muslims as he was about to address a rally in New York City; he was 39. |
| Full Story
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The Big Parade: On the Road to Montgomery |
| Date:
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3/21/1965 |
| Description:
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More than 3,000 civil rights demonstrators led by the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. began their march from Selma to Montgomery, Ala. |
| Full Story
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Grissom Maneuvers the Gemini as He and Young Make 3 Orbits in Test for a Space Rendezvous |
| Date:
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3/23/1965 |
| Description:
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America's first two-person space flight began as Gemini 3 blasted off from Cape Kennedy with astronauts Virgil I. Grissom and John W. Young aboard. |
| Full Story
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25,000 Go to Alabama's Capitol; Wallace Rebuffs Petitioners; White Rights Worker is Slain |
| Date:
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3/25/1965 |
| Description:
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The Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. led 25,000 Negroes and whites to the shadow of the State Capitol here today and challenged Alabama to put an end to racial discrimination. |
| Full Story
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Russian Floats in Space for 10 Minutes; Leaves Orbiting Craft With a Lifeline; Moscow Says Moon Trip Is 'Target Now' |
| Date:
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3/18/1965 |
| Description:
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The first spacewalk took place as Soviet cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov left his Voskhod 2 capsule and remained outside the spacecraft for 20 minutes, secured by a tether. |
| Full Story
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Johnson Urges Congress at Joint Session to Pass Law Insuring Negro Vote |
| Date:
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3/15/1965 |
| Description:
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President Johnson took the rallying cry of American Negroes into Congress and millions of American Homes tonight by pledging that "we shall overcome" what he called "a crippling legacy of bigotry and injustice." |
| Full Story
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Alabama Police Use Gas and Clubs to Rout Negroes |
| Date:
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3/7/1965 |
| Description:
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Alabama state troopers and volunteer officers of the Dallas County sheriff's office tore through a column of Negro demonstrators with tear gas, nightsticks and whips here today to enforce Gov. George C. Wallace's order against a protest march from Selma to Montgomery. |
| Full Story
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American Floats In Space For 20 Minutes As He And Partner Start 4 Days In Orbit; Fuel Shortage Bars Booster Rendezvous |
| Date:
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6/3/1965 |
| Description:
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Astronaut Edward White became the first American to "walk" in space, during the flight of Gemini 4 |
| Full Story
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Mariner 4 Makes Flight Past Mars |
| Date:
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7/14/1965 |
| Description:
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American space probe Mariner 4 flew by Mars, sending back photographs of the planet. |
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New Negro Riots Erupt on Coast; 3 Reported Shot |
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8/11/1965 |
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Rioting and looting broke out in the predominantly black Watts section of Los Angeles. In the week that followed, 34 people were killed and more than 1,000 injured. |
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High Court Puts New Curb On Powers Of The Police To Interrogate Suspects |
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6/13/1966 |
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Supreme Court issued its landmark Miranda vs. Arizona decision, ruling that criminal suspects must be informed of their constitutional rights prior to questioning by police. |
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3 Apollo Astronauts Die in Fire; Grissom, White, Chaffee Caught in Capsule During a Test on Pad |
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1/27/1967 |
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Astronauts Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom, Edward H. White and Roger B. Chaffee died in a flash fire during a test aboard their Apollo spacecraft at Cape Kennedy, Fla. |
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President Sees Marshall Take Supreme Court Seat |
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10/2/1967 |
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Thurgood Marshall was sworn in as an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court; he was the first African-American appointed to the nation's highest court. |
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Bolivia Confirms Guevara's Death; Body Displayed |
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10/9/1967 |
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Latin American guerrilla leader Che Guevara was executed in Bolivia while attempting to incite revolution. |
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Cease-Fire in Syria Accepted; Israelis Hold Border Heights; Soviet Breaks Ties to Israel |
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6/10/1967 |
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Six-Day War ended as Israel and Syria agreed to observe a United Nations-mediated cease-fire. |
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Clay Guilty in Draft Case; Gets Five Years in Prison |
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6/20/1967 |
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Muhammad Ali was convicted in Houston of violating Selective Service laws by refusing to be drafted. The conviction was later overturned by the Supreme Court. |
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2 Black Power Advocates Ousted From Olympics |
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10/18/1968 |
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United States Olympic Committee suspended two black athletes, Tommie Smith and John Carlos, for giving a "black power" salute as a protest during a victory ceremony in Mexico City. |
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Astronauts Carry Out Early Maneuvers on 163-Orbit Journey |
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10/11/1968 |
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Apollo 7, the first manned Apollo mission, was launched with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn Fulton Eisele and R. Walter Cunningham aboard. |
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Nixon Wins By A Thin Margin, Pleads For Reunited Nation |
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11/5/1968 |
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Republican Richard M. Nixon won the presidency, defeating Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey and third-party candidate George C. Wallace. |
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Vietnamese Say G.I.'s Slew 567 in Town |
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3/16/1968 |
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A group of South Vietnamese villagers reported today that a small American infantry unit killed 567 unarmed men, women and children as it swept through their hamlet on March 16, 1968. |
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Johnson Says He Won't Run |
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3/31/1968 |
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Lyndon Baines Johnson announced tonight: "I shall not seek and I will not accept the nomination of my party as your President." |
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Martin Luther King Is Slain in Memphis; A White Is Suspected; Johnson Urges Calm |
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4/4/1968 |
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Civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr., 39, was shot to death in Memphis, Tenn. |
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Kennedy is Dead, Victim of Assassin; Suspect, Arab Immigrant, Arraigned; Johnson Appoints Panel on Violence |
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6/5/1968 |
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Sen. Robert F. Kennedy was shot and mortally wounded just after claiming victory in California's Democratic presidential primary. Gunman Sirhan Bishara Sirhan was immediately arrested. |
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Helen Keller, 87, Dies |
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6/1/1968 |
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Author-lecturer Helen Keller, who earned a college degree despite being blind and deaf most of her life, died in Westport, Conn. |
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Czechoslovakia Invaded by Russians and Four Other Warsaw Pact Forces |
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8/20/1968 |
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Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact nations invaded Czechoslovakia to crush the "Prague Spring" liberalization drive of Alexander Dubcek's regime. |
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250,000 War Protesters Stage Peaceful Rally In Washington; Militants Stir Clashes Later |
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11/15/1969 |
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A quarter of a million protesters staged a peaceful demonstration in Washington, D.C., against the Vietnam War. |
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Sirhan Sentenced to Gas Chamber on 5th Jury Vote |
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4/23/1969 |
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Sirhan Sirhan was sentenced to death for assassinating New York Sen. Robert F. Kennedy. The sentence was later reduced to life imprisonment |
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Suspect in Assassination of Dr. King Is Seized in London |
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6/8/1969 |
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authorities announced the capture in London of James Earl Ray, the suspected assassin of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. |
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Men Walk On Moon |
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7/20/1969 |
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Apollo 11 astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon when he stepped out of the lunar module. |
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Tired Rock Fans Begin Exodus |
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8/17/1969 |
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Woodstock Music and Art Fair concluded near Bethel, N.Y. |
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Power Failure Imperils Astronauts; Apollo Will Head Back to the Earth |
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4/13/1970 |
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Apollo 13, four-fifths of the way to the moon, was crippled when a tank containing liquid oxygen burst. (The astronauts managed to return safely.) |
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4 Kent State Students Killed by Troops |
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5/4/1970 |
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Ohio National Guardsmen opened fire on anti-war protesters at Kent State University, killing four students and wounding nine others. |
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U.N. Awaits Peking Delegates; Taipei Clings To Affiliate Ties; Rogers Calls Ouster A Mistake |
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10/25/1971 |
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United Nations General Assembly voted to admit mainland China and expel Taiwan. |
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Anti-Castro Units Land in Cuba; Report Fighting at Beachhead; Rusk Says U.S. Won't Intervene |
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4/17/1971 |
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About 1,500 CIA-trained Cuban exiles launched the disastrous Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba in a failed attempt to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro. |
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Supreme Court, 9-0, Backs Busing to Combat South's Dual Schools, Rejecting Administration Stand |
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4/20/1971 |
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United States Supreme Court upheld the use of busing to achieve racial desegregation in schools. |
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7,000 Arrested in Capital War Protest; 150 Are Hurt as Clashes Disrupt Traffic |
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5/3/1971 |
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Anti-war protesters calling themselves the Mayday Tribe began four days of demonstrations in Washington, D.C., aimed at shutting down the nation's capital. |
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Dow Jones Finishes Above 1,000 |
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11/14/1972 |
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Dow Jones Industrial Average closed above 1,000 for the first time, ending the day at 1,003.16. |
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Nixon Orders a Halt In Bombing of North Above 20th Parallel; Peace Talks Will Resume Jan. 8 |
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12/30/1972 |
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United States halted its heavy bombing of North Vietnam. |
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President Leaves on Trip to China; Stops in Hawaii |
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2/17/1972 |
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President Nixon departed on his historic trip to China. |
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Equal Rights Amendment is Approved by Congress |
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3/22/1972 |
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The Senate passed the Equal Rights Amendment today, thus completing Congressional action on the amendment, which would prohibit discrimination based on sex by any law or action of any government -- The 43-year struggle of feminists to get the amendment through Congress ended at 4:38 P.M. when the 84-to-8 vote was announced. |
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9 Israelis on Olympic Team Killed with 4 Arab Captors as Police Fight Band That Disrupted Munich Games |
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9/5/1972 |
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Palestinian guerrillas attacked the Israeli delegation at the Munich Olympic games; 11 Israelis, five guerrillas and a police officer were killed in the siege. |
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Vietnam Accord is Reached; Cease-Fire Begins Saturday; P.O.W.'s to be Free in 60 Days |
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1/23/1973 |
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President Nixon announced an accord had been reached to end the Vietnam War. |
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High Court Rules Abortions Legal the First 3 Months |
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1/22/1973 |
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In its Roe vs. Wade decision, the Supreme Court legalized abortions, using a trimester approach. |
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Nixon Discharges Cox For Defiance; Abolishes Watergate Task Force; Richardson And Ruckelshaus Out |
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10/20/1973 |
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in the so-called Saturday Night Massacre, special Watergate prosecutor Archibald Cox was fired. For their refusal to dismiss Cox, Attorney General Elliot L. Richardson resigned and Deputy Attorney General William B. Ruckelshaus was fired. |
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Agnew Quits Vice Presidency And Admits Tax Evasion In '67; Nixon Consults On Successor |
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10/10/1973 |
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Vice President Spiro T. Agnew pleaded no contest to one count of federal income tax evasion and resigned his office. |
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Nixon Declares He Didn't Profit From Public Life |
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11/17/1973 |
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President Nixon told an Associated Press managing editors meeting in Orlando, Fla., that ``people have got to know whether or not their president is a crook. Well, I'm not a crook.'' |
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Ford Is Approved By Senate, 92-3; House Set To Act |
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11/27/1973 |
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Senate voted 92-3 to confirm Gerald R. Ford as vice president, succeeding Spiro T. Agnew, who'd resigned. |
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First Prisoner Release Completed |
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2/12/1973 |
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The first release of American prisoners of war from the Vietnam conflict took place. |
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U.S. Forces Out of Vietnam; Hanoi Frees the Last P.O.W. |
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3/29/1973 |
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Last United States troops left South Vietnam, ending America's direct military involvement in the Vietnam War. |
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Picasso is Dead in France at 91 |
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4/8/1973 |
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Artist Pablo Picasso died at his home near Mougins, France, at age 91. |
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Pentagon Papers Charges Are Dismissed; Judge Byrne Frees Ellsberg and Russo, Assails "Improper Government Conduct" |
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5/11/1973 |
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Charges against Daniel Ellsberg for his role in the Pentagon Papers case were dismissed by Judge William M. Byrne, who cited government misconduct. |
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Occupation of Wounded Knee Is Ended |
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5/8/1973 |
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Militant American Indians who had held the South Dakota hamlet of Wounded Knee for 10 weeks surrendered. |
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Allende Out, Reported Suicide; Marxist Regime In Chile Falls In Armed Forces' Violent Coup |
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9/11/1973 |
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Chilean President Salvador Allende died in a violent military coup. |
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Mrs. King Defeats Riggs, 6-4, 6-3, 6-3, Amid a Circus Atmosphere |
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9/20/1973 |
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Billie Jean King defeated Bobby Riggs in straight sets 6-4, 6-3, 6-3 in a $100,000 winner-take-all tennis match. |
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Granddaughter of Hearst Abducted by 3 |
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2/4/1974 |
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A granddaughter of the late William Randolph Hearst was abducted from her apartment last night by a white woman and two black men who covered their escape with rifle fire, the police said today. |
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Nixon Resigns |
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8/8/1974 |
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President Nixon announced he would resign following damaging revelations in the Watergate scandal. |
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Ford Gives Pardon To Nixon, Who Regrets 'My Mistakes' |
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